摘 要
系统总结了当前电压型可逆变流器控制策略的发展概况，并对其详细分类研究。在比较各种控制方案优缺点的基础上最终确定了以电流d-q变换结合滑模控制作为本课题的控制策略。
详细阐述了电压型可逆变流器的数学模型，包括通用数学模型、d-q变换大信号数学模型、以及d-q变换小信号数学模型。根据d-q变换大信号数学模型建立了系统的电流环。结合d-q变换小信号数学模型设计了电压环以及电压环的滑模控制器。
确定了电压空间矢量(SVPWM)作为开关控制策略。详细阐述了其基本原理。基于MATLAB对其进行了仿真研究。针对可逆变流器使用常规的PID控制对系统参数变化的较为敏感性，电压环采用了滑模变结构控制以期得到改善。基于MATLAB仿真软件完成了系统的忽略高次谐波、不忽略高次谐波下的SPWM、SVPWM的闭环系统仿真。
针对单片机控制系统的计算速度慢，实时性控制较差，因此本课题采用TI公司的数字信号处理器TMS320F240来控制系统，以期提高计算速度。
根据本课题的控制方案，设计了系统软件流程，编写了系统的电流电压双闭环程序。基于TMS320F240发出开关频率fs =900Hz的空间矢量波形。理论上的分析结合实践过程完成了系统的开环和闭环实验，验证了控制方案的可行性。
本课题获得河北省教委科技基金支持，是国家自然科学基金的后续课题，对解决电网谐波污染，提倡绿色用电有着重大的经济价值和理论上的指导意义。
关键词 功率因数校正；可逆变流器；滑模变结构控制；空间矢量；数字信号处理器
Abstract
Development survey of control strategy of voltage type reversible converter is summarized systematically. Control strategy is studied in detail. Direct current d-q change and sliding mode controls are regarded as control strategy of this paper on the basis of comparing of advantages and disadvantages varieties of control strategy.
Mathematics mode is set forth detailedly, including; current general mathematics mode; d-q change large signal mathematics model and d-q change small signal mathematics model. The system current loop is established according to d-q change large signal mathematics model. The voltage loop and its SMC are designed according to d-q change small signal mathematics model.
Space vector PWM is regarded as switch control strategy .Its essential principle is set forth detailedly and is simulated based on MATLAB. Voltage loop adopts variable structure control with sliding mode in order to improve with regard to conventional PID control, which is sensitive to system parameter. Close loop system simulation of SPWM and SVPWM is completed with neglecting high harmonics and without neglecting high harmonics based on MATLAB.
Because calculation speed of single chip microprocessor is slow and it realizes timing control poorly, digital signal processor TMS320F240 of TI Company is adopted to improve the calculation speed. |
