【内容摘要】 由于在纠纷解决方面所表现出来的简便、经济、快捷、专业型及保密性强等优点，代替性纠纷解决机制——ADR(Alternative Dispute Resolution)逐渐成为许多国家和地区解决民事纠纷的一大趋势。我国现行医疗纠纷解决机制存在着较多的问题，有待于进一步的改革与完善。根据我国所面临的现实情况，将ADR引入医疗纠纷领域是一条快速、有效地解决医疗纠纷的途径。医疗纠纷的代替性解决机制主要包括仲裁、调解、和解与行政裁决。这四种纠纷解决方式各具特点，适用于不同情况下医疗纠纷的解决。
【关 键 词】 医疗纠纷 医疗事故 医疗责任保险 代替性纠纷解决机制 

The ADR（Alternative Dispute Resolution）of Medical Dispute
Zhang Haibin

Abstract: ADR（Alternative Dispute Resolution）has became the tendency of civil dispute resolution in many countries for its convenience, economy, quickness, high specialization and strict confidentiality, etc. There are still some problems in our current medical dispute resolution system which needs to be reformed and perfected. In face of the current situation, we should realize that it is a good way by using ADR in medical dispute resolution. The ADR of medical dispute mainly includes arbitration, mediation, negotiation and administrative ruling. All the four kinds are suitable to t he resolution of different medical disputes for their characteristics.
Key Words: Medical dispute Medical malpractice Medical liability insurance
ADR(Alternative Dispute Resolution)

近年来，由于公民权利意识的增强等原因，医疗纠纷呈逐年上升的趋势。如何快速、公正、低成本地解决医疗纠纷，建立和维持良好的医患关系，不仅是医方和患方的共同愿望，而且是学者们研究的重要课题。
诉讼是医疗纠纷最重要的传统解决方式。严格的程序制度、最高权威的裁判和国家强制力的保证实施等因素使得诉讼在医疗纠纷的解决中始终占据着核心的地位。然而，诉讼在医疗纠纷解决过程中所暴露出来的不足也是显而易见的：医疗纠纷的专门化和日常化的特点使得法院实际上无法承受为数众多的医疗纠纷带来的压力，由此不可避免地造成了诉讼的拖延和高成本；诉讼中角色不同所引发的激烈对抗使得双方互不信任，医患关系遭受严重破坏。上世纪60年代以来，代替性纠纷解决方式——ADR(Alternative Dispute Resolution)因其在纠纷解决方面表现出来的特殊价值与优点逐步受到人们的重视和青睐，成为许多国家和地区解决民事纠纷的一大趋势。从我国所面临的现实情况看，将ADR引入医疗纠纷领域不失为一条快速、有效地解决医疗纠纷的途径。